A While vs Awhile

A While vs Awhile A While vs Awhile A While vs Awhile By Ali Hale One of our readers, Robert, wrote to ask Daily Writing Tips: Heres a couple of words I use all the time interchangeably. But are they? a while vs. awhile Help me out, o oracle! No problem, Robert! This one’s pretty easy to grasp: A while is a noun meaning â€Å"a length of time† â€Å"I slept for a while.† (compare with â€Å"I slept for a bit† and â€Å"I slept for three hours†) â€Å"I was away from my desk for a while.† (compare with â€Å"I was away from my desk for two minutes†) Awhile is an adverb, meaning â€Å"for a time,† or literally, â€Å"for a while†. â€Å"I slept awhile before dinner.† (compare with â€Å"I slept deeply before dinner† and â€Å"I slept badly before dinner†.) As you can see, the words can be used almost interchangeably in some cases – but a while needs to be accompanied by a preposition, such as â€Å"for† (â€Å"I slept for a while†) or â€Å"ago† (â€Å"I left work a while ago†). Awhile always means â€Å"for a while†. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comparative Forms of AdjectivesThe Difference Between "will" and "shall"Shore It Up

Kelvins Clouds Speech

Kelvin's Clouds Speech On Friday, April 27, 1900, the British physicist Lord Kelvin gave a speech entitled Nineteenth-Century Clouds over the Dynamical Theory of Heat and Light, which began: The beauty and clearness of the dynamical theory, which asserts heat and light to be modes of motion, is at present obscured by two clouds. Kelvin went on to explain that the clouds were two unexplained phenomena, which he portrayed as the final couple of holes that needed to be filled in before having a complete understanding of the thermodynamic and energy properties of the universe, explained in classical terms of the motion of particles. This speech, together with other comments attributed to Kelvin, such as by physicist Albert Michelson in an 1894 speech, indicate that he strongly believed the main role of physics in that day was to just measure known quantities to a great degree of precision, out to many decimal places of accuracy. Meaning of Clouds The clouds to which Kelvin was referring were: The inability to detect the luminous ether, specifically the failure of the Michelson-Morley experimentThe black body radiation effect- known as the ultraviolet catastrophe Importance References to this speech have become somewhat popular for one very simple reason: Lord Kelvin was about as wrong as he could possibly have been. Instead of minor details that had to be worked out, Kelvins two clouds instead represented fundamental limits to a classical approach to understanding the universe. Their resolution introduced whole new and unanticipated realms of physics, known collectively as modern physics. Quantum Physics In fact, Max Planck solved the black body radiation problem in 1900, presumably, after Kelvin gave his speech) In doing so, he had to invoke the concept of limitations on the allowed energy of emitted light. This concept of a light quanta was seen as a simple mathematical trick at the time, necessary to resolve the problem, but it worked. Plancks approach precisely explained the experimental evidence resulting from heated objects in the black-body radiation problem. However, in 1905, Einstein took the idea further and used the concept to also explain the photoelectric effect. Between these two solutions, it became clear that light seemed to exist as little packets, or quanta, of energy- photons, as they would later come to be called. Once it became clear that light existed in packets, physicists began to discover that all kinds of matter and energy existed in these packets, and the age of quantum physics began. Relativity The other cloud that Kelvin mentioned was the failure of the Michelson-Morley experiments to discuss the luminous ether. This was the theoretical substance that physicists of the day believed permeated the universe, so that light could move as a wave. The Michelson-Morley experiments had been a rather ingenious set of experiments, based on the idea that light would move at different speeds through the ether depending on how the Earth was moving through it. They constructed a method to measure this difference... but it hadnt worked. It appeared that the direction of lights motion had no bearing on the speed, which didnt fit with the idea of it moving through a substance like the ether. Again, though, in 1905 Einstein came along and set the ball rolling on this one. He laid out the premise of special relativity, invoking a postulate that light always moved at a constant speed. As he developed the theory of relativity, it became clear that the concept of the luminous ether was no longer particularly helpful, so scientists discarded it. References by Other Physicists Popular physics books have frequently referenced this event because it makes it clear that even very knowledgeable physicists can be overcome by overconfidence at the extent of their fields applicability. In his book The Trouble with Physics, theoretical physicist Lee Smolin says the following about the speech: William Thomson (Lord Kelvin), an influential British physicist, famously proclaimed that physics was over, except for two small clouds on the horizon. These clouds turned out to be the clues that led us to quantum theory and relativity theory. Physicist Brian Greene also references the Kelvin speech in The Fabric of the Cosmos: In 1900, Kelvin himself did note that two clouds were hovering on the horizon, one to do with properties of lights motion and the other with aspects of the radiation objects emit when heated, but there was a general feeling that these were mere details, which, no doubt, would soon be addressed. Within a decade, everything changed. As anticipated, the two problems Kelvin had raised were promptly addressed, but they proved anything but minor. Each ignited a revolution, and each requires a fundamental rewriting of natures laws.

Human Resource Law - Memo Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Human Resource Law - Memo - Research Paper Example Anderson Cost Club Store fired the employees because of the work place circumstances and not due to discrimination. An employer can terminate a worker for a valid reason, bad reason or without a reason if the worker was employed at-will. Additionally, people employed at-will have a right to quit any time without a reason. Consequently, Cost Club has the right to fire employees without giving reasons. The act also forbids employers from dismissing any individuals because they reported the organization’s unlawful actions. However, in this case, the organization did not engage in any unlawful act. The employer had the right to choose the employee to fire because he knew the most productive workers better than the regulators or judges (Ford, 2008). Message 2: Regional CEO’s Question about Reducing Employee Costs. Autonomous contractors, temporary workers, and employees are different kinds of workers, and organizations should acknowledge their dissimilarities. This is becaus e knowing the distinction will help the employers to establish the initial hiring processes and avoid the expensive legal consequences. Independent contractors are different from other employers because they work under their separate corporate brands and have their own workforces. Additionally, they keep different financial records and they can publicly market their services. The contractors do not operate according to the standard business hours; they set their own working hours. Moreover, they can work for several organizations and submit invoices for every completed work. However, employees perform duties according to the organization’s requirements and they have to work under the organization’s schedule. Additionally, they must undergo relevant training before working for an organization. Employees must work for one employer, and they do not keep separate financial records. Most organizations prefer independent contractors because they have many advantages over emp loyees. The organizations that rely on the contractors have lower labor expenses and liabilities. Additionally, the use of independent contractors enhances flexibility in hiring and firing (Small Business Administration, 2011). Temporary workers are the people working for agencies who replace workers in organizations. Such workers are highly skilled and they work for organizations whenever they have crucial projects or deadlines. They should only work on short-term assignments that last for a maximum of 90 days. These types of workers can reduce the organization’s expenses because their pays are usually lower than those of the employees and independent contractors (Small Business Administration, 2011). Incorrect categorization of workers may result in severe legal penalties. An organization will be required to pay the contractors and temporary workers all the wages they would get as outlined in the Fair Labor Standards Act if it treats them as employees. The wages should be i nclusive of overtime and minimum wages. Furthermore, the organization will have to reimburse all the taxes and fines for federal taxes, Medicare, and unemployment. If the misclassified workers were injured while working for the organization, they will have to receive compensation. Additionally, the organization will have to give the misclassified individuals benefits such as health

Chem 1 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chem 1 - Coursework Example What would be the danger of exposure to the contents of this car? Would the vapor hug the ground? 7. If someone left the valve open on a 15 L cylinder of carbon monoxide gas at 23 oC and 750 psig and the tank emptied into a room that was 25 feet by 15 feet by 8.5 feet high, what would the final concentration of carbon monoxide be in the room in ppm? Will you die if you stay in the room? The severity of symptoms of CO exposure is influenced by three main factors: (1) the concentration of CO in the environment; (2) how long the exposure lasts, and (3) work-load and breathing rate. In general, assuming that users of gasoline-powered engines are engaged in at least a moderate level of activity, exposure to CO concentrations of 80 to100 parts per million (ppm) for 1 to 2 hours can result in decreased exercise tolerance and, in persons who are at risk, may bring on chest pain and cause irregular heartbeat [EPA 1991a]. Symptoms associated with CO exposure concentrations of 100 to 200 ppm include headache, nausea, and mental impairment. More serious central nervous system effects, coma, and death are associated with CO exposure concentrations of 700 ppm or greater for an hour or more . Employers shall provide employees with effective information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area at the time of their initial assignment, and whenever a new physical or health hazard the employees have not previously been trained about is introduced into their work area. Information and training may be designed to cover categories of hazards (e.g., flammability, carcinogenicity) or specific chemicals. Chemical-specific information must always be available through labels and material safety data sheets. Answer: Flammable and combustible liquids are liquids that can burn. They are classified, or grouped, as either flammable or combustible by their flashpoints. Generally speaking, flammable liquids will ignite (catch on

The evaluation of adults returning to learning. Essay Example for Free

The evaluation of adults returning to learning. Essay There are many advantages to returning to learning as an adult, which ultimately enables the individual satisfied in many positive aspects. However, amongst the advantages, it is highly probably apprehensible that an adult student will face disadvantages to returning to learning as an adult. There is no such thing as a typical adult student, ergo everyone is unique. Nevertheless, it is possible to formulate conceptualise a broad understanding of the supporting arguments and opposing arguments regarding returning to learning as an adult. Completing an academic course is beneficial to everyone, regardless of age, it grants them a formal qualification formal recognition of their achievements, which can then be presented as proof or persuasion or simply kept as a personal achievement, because earning a qualification can be satisfying within its own right, building self-esteem and confidence. One of the disadvantages to returning to learning as an adult is that adult students appear to be less confident in an academic environment opposed to traditional-aged students, according to a July FOXbusiness article. This is due to an academic environment being unfamiliar to most non-traditional-aged adult college students, most adults have been absent from education for many years, juxtaposed to traditional-ages students, 18 or above, who have entered college or university straight from A-levels. Many adult, non-traditional college students experience fear or discomfort within the classroom due to feeling inadequate despite being more motivated to earn a degree compared to traditional-aged students (adult students are less distracted opposed to younger students -theyve already satisfied their impulsive urges within in their youth adults a more likely to appreciate the aspect of education more so than younger students) , according to the statistics in the July FOXbusiness article. One could perceive this as disadvantageous, however, it is more logical to perceive this as a opportunity rather than a limitation. Returning to education as an adult enables an opportunity to learn a superlative piece of skill, confidence. Many adults who return to learning have lost their confidence due to the negative perceptions they have of themselves, however, studying will develop and enhance ones confidence, skills and qualifications. Studying bestow’s upon the adult the ability to adapt to new social situations and the opportunity to trust your own abilities, ergo, to indulge within the self-belief that comes from completing a course successfully, which is advantageous. Amongst other advantages, making new friends isnt a prime reason for enrolling upon a course, but many adults appreciate this as an added bonus. Linked to the gaining the importance of confidence, discovering new people who are in a similar situation with mutual interests is an effective way, of an adult who may have negative perceptions of oneself, of realising that the world around them isnt as alienating as they perceive, ergo, returning to education as an adult presents an opportunity to find yourself, which is certainly advantageous. Besides that, returning to learning as an adult has a functional advantage. It can increase career prospects and earning potential. Despite recent difficulties faced by graduates and school-leavers, it remains the case that people with academic or vocational qualifications are more likely to be employed. Adults particularly find that returning to education increases their opportunity choices regarding career. Also, abiding by national statistics, in 2001, research conducted by LSE found that by gaining a degree a woman can earn up to 26% more than a woman who does not continue her education beyond A LEVELS. A man can earn about 23% more by completing a degree course. Another advantage for adults who are returning to learning is that education for some is a means to escape the familiar routines that they commit to. Many adults may be unhappy or perhaps many adults might be experience the sense of being unfulfilled in their working or social environments. These negative emotions, lead to unwanted actions such as; relationships being affected negatively with others. On the other hand, when an individual is happy feeling fulfilled, relationships improve. Some adults find that unhappiness or stress at work leads to arguments at home. Once education has been used as a means to escape this unhappy working environment, the arguments lessen or disappear completely. Adults find also that relationships with their children improve – they feel more of an affinity with their children, understanding the stresses and strains which are places on them within the education system. Thusly, returning to learning as an adult is advantageous regarding the improvement of relationships through heightening the perception of ones self-worth and therefor, feeling fulfilled. On the contrary however, returning to education has the capability to negatively affect relationships. Returning to school as an adult requires juggling class schedules with family life, work and other personal commitments. Mature students articulate concerns about finding enough time for family members and how to deal with a partner who may not appreciate the idea, according to Deborah Neuheisel, an adult student adviser for the University of Wisconsin-Barron County. One imperative disadvantage to returning to learning as an adult are the financial limitations. An adult may have responsibilities that conventional aged students might not have, such as bills or perhaps a family to provide for. However, the challenge of finding adequate resources to fund a college education provides strong motivation to finish the effort. As a result, adult students are more likely to understand the value of an education and better positioned to focus on what they want to learn. Furthermore, there are sources of government funding that an adult student is entitled to such as, grants and bursaries. Ultimately, it is most advantageous to return to an academic environment as an adult, if required, it will supply one with a formal acknowledgement of achievement which can be used to increase career prospects but amongst all other functions, it enables one the opportunity to stimulate the brain, divert from conventional routine, be given a voice and opportunity to put their thoughts and values forward the opportunity to inspire be inspired.

Somalia Culture Essay -- Essays Papers

Somalia Culture Somalia is a country situated in the ÒhornÓ of East Africa. It is bordered by the Gulf of Aden in the north, the Indian Ocean on the east and southeast, Kenya in the southwest, Ethiopia in the west, and Djibouti in the northwest. Somalia is about four times the size of the State of Minnesota, or slightly smaller than Texas. The capital is Mogadishu. Somalia's population is mostly rural. Nearly 80% of the people are pastoralists, agriculturalists, or agropastoralists. Except for a small number of Somalis who rely on fishing, the rest of the population are urban dwellers. Somalia's chief cities and towns are Mogadishu (the capital), Hargeisa, Burao, Berbera, Bossaso, Marka, Brava, Baidoa, and Kismaayo. In the past few years, civil war and famine have changed urban demographics as hundreds of thousands of displaced Somalis have poured into the cities seeking sanctuary and relief. Ethnically and culturally, Somalia is one of the most homogeneous countries in Africa. Somalia has its minorities: there are people of Bantu descent living in farming villages in the south, and Arab enclaves in the coastal cities. A small number of Europeans, mostly Italians, live on farms in the south. But the great majority of the people are ethnic Somalis who speak dialects of the same language, Somali, and who practice the same religion, Islam. In a land of sparse rainfall, more than half the population consists of pastoralists or agropastoralists who raise camels, cattle, sheep, and goats. There are farmers, mostly in the south and northwest, and in recent years a new urban group of government workers, shopkeepers, and traders has emerged, but it is the nomadic way of life, with its love of freedom and open spaces, that is c... ...e or the hand up to the wrist. Its application often signifies happy occasions, such as a marriage or the birth of a baby. Somalia's economic fortunes are being driven by its deep political divisions. The northern area has declared its independence.. During 1992-1993, Somalia experienced a great famine. This famine was the result of a drought coupled with the disastrous effect that infighting among rival clan militias had on the land and the livestock in Somalia. Somalis have always relied on their land and livestock to support themselves, and so this famine was devastating to them. Consequently, over 900,000 Somalis fled to neighboring countries. Approximately 400,000 of these refugees fled to Kenya. Since that time, some of the refugees have returned to Somalia, yet the situation there is still so tenuous that many have chosen to remain in the refugee camps.

Ellen Goodman Columnist Essay

Ellen Goodman, a Pulitzer prize winning columnist, author, speaker, and commentator who refuses to call herself a pundit. Ellen has long been a chronicler of social change in America, especially the women’s movement and effects on our public, private lives, and has spent most of her life chronicling social change and its impact on American life. As a Pulitzer Prize winning columnist she was one of the first women to open up the pages to women’s voices and became, according to Media Watch, the most widely syndicated progressive columnist in the country.Proof of her strong passion for impacts on an average American life, her column titled â€Å"Dispensing Morality† shows just that. In her column, she expresses how those in professions and careers should reserve the right to distribute drugs or anything that has the ability to harm someone, even if it’s intentions is to aid, if the decision on handing it out conflicts with their ethics, morals, and values. Sh e uses scenarios of situation like those and rhetorical questions to prove a point based on ethos with a tad bit of pathos; while she uses statistics of a considerable amount of claims, facts, expert opinions to appeal to the reader’s logos.She ends of this column saying: â€Å".. last time I looked, the pharmacist's license did not include the right to dispense morality. † Matching the last word with exact title of her column gives it a serious conclusion displaying how serious she is about the subject. In another column of Goodman’s, â€Å"Those Poor College Conservatives† she boldly evinces how politics does not only have a monumental spotlight as the nation as its theatre, but it also has a college level arena where students can take the initial stand of having grand debates as would senators and other officials perform when running for office of any kind.Here she uses statistics of how much Democrats there is for one Republican in the universities of Stanford and Berkeley to indicate how much national politics is effected by students who, as we know, are the next generation – the future. She also uses ExxonMobil; The Independent Women's Forum; and a quote of Harvey Mansfield, a Harvard conservative, to add on to her use logos in addition with her statistics. However, as much as logical this column may be, she uses her strong opinions to include pathos to approve to reader’s emotions, morals, and beliefs.This column demonstrates how much of a determination Goodman has toward the inclusiveness of American lives. One column of hers clearly exhibits her drive for righting wrongs of America. In Goodman’s column, â€Å"Will Her Voice Ever Be Heard? † she stands up for foreign writers to be able to have published books in the United States. This column mainly surrounds Iranian writer, Shirin Ebadi, who was the first Iranian woman to become a judge and the first to receive a Nobel Prize, who’s been es chewed by the government because she’s Iranian and the American government will not allow people who the country fears and is currently in war with.Goodman uses the background and story of Ebadi to convey the difficulties she has had in order to have her books published, those trails are an example of pathos because it is attempting to attract the reader’s emotional state. The author also uses facts revealing discrimination, such as: â€Å"A law written in 1917 allows the president to bar transactions during times of war or national emergency. It was amended twice to exempt publishers.Nevertheless, the Treasury Department in its wisdom has ruled that it's illegal even to enhance the value of anything created in Iran without permission. † To appeal to the audience’s logos state. The purpose of this article is to strike up people’s ethos so they will also stand up for those like Ebadi and hopefully let them have a share of this â€Å"country of free dom. † Ellen Goodman, currently does not write columns, however, as stated earlier, she is considered one of the most advanced columnist in the country.Her passionate columns of justifying the unjust in America truly exemplifies her love for this nation and how much she wants to make it an ideal land for not only its citizens but for those seeking liberty and freedom. Through her use of pathos, ethos, and logos she desires to please everyone’s emotions, value, and intellectual mind-sets, thus spreading her drive and motivation toward others. Her goal for composing such column makes her an astounding writer – not for money, not for fame, not for glory, but to touch reader’s hearts for good.

Cell Phones

Cell phones should be permitted in classrooms for educational purposes. Having cell phones in an environment that is already geared towards learning opens the opportunity to teach safety and manners for the devices. Teachers can explain in detail to their students how to remain safe on the internet and how to utilize it to its fullest ability. This presents the ideal circumstances for addressing issues such as cyberbullying and online predators as well as how to avoid or properly deal with these topics. The school also can monitor and control what sites students may visit, and it protects them from off-topic or detrimental websites. In addition to safety, instructors may lead lectures on etiquette associated with these devices (http://www.schoolmoney.org). Using technology in the classroom is useful for recording and recalling information. Ken Halla found that his students turned in their homework more often when they were using their devices to remind themselves of their homework. By using the devices as reminders, the students were able to combat their forgetfulness and raise their grades as they had begun to complete their assignments (http://neatoday.org). Another teacher, Sherri Story, uses smart phones to administer group quizzes in which a total of six phones are used, so all the students get a chance to participate and work together. She finds that the students have all the information they need at their fingertips and can find answers that even she does not know almost immediately. The students can share notes and assignments that their classmates may have missed in a previous period, which allows the absent student just as much time to work on a given topic as his peers and no excuse for not completing assignments (https://pilotonline.com). Implementing a ‘Bring Your Own Device,' or ‘BYOD' policy can be cost-effective for schools that are underfunded. For schools that cannot afford many computers; laptops; or tablets, having students bringing in their own devices, even if they must be shared, saves the school from expending money that it does not have (http://neatoday.org). Additionally, a study, led by Joshua Littenberg-Tobias and Vincent Cho, showed that when students' devices were utilized for learning in Boston College, the teachers saw improvement in the learning abilities of their students (https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org). Because the use of technology has grown exponentially over the years, the quantity of educationally focused applications has grown. Apps, such as Remind101, are used to remind students of upcoming assignments while websites like Poll Everywhere can be used to determine what materials a class needs to review before assessments and what it does not. Other apps, such as dictionary or reference apps are quick and easy to use, cutting down on the time needed to search for information so that more time may be spent on learning (http://www.nea.org). Certain apps such as Kahoot are tailored to make learning in all subjects enjoyable, entertaining, and like a game, which helps some students learn better than simply sitting through a lesson without understanding (https://education.cu-portland.edu). Cellular devices may be used by children that would otherwise not ask for assistance. They may by utilized by disabled children to communicate with everyone else and give them a sense of normality. They may also be used by students who are too shy or nervous to ask for help in front of their entire class. These students may fear that they will be considered stupid if they ask for help, so the anonymity gives them the confidence they need to receive the additional attention they need. Moreover, when students are placed into groups to complete projects, none of them are singled out because they do not own a smartphone. All students in a group work together, using a single device (https://www.edutopia.org). Permitting cell phones in an academic setting would be a wise decision, despite its drawbacks, which are easily remedied.

The Ostpolitik in the Soviet Empire the Clash of Different Viewpoints

The Ostpolitik in the Soviet Empire the Clash of Different Viewpoints However hard the relations between Germany and the Soviet Union during the Ostpolitik have been discussed, there are still a lot of questions that remain unanswered. In spite of the fact that Germany and the Soviet Union had a certain scheme that could make their collaboration fruitful and profitable for each of the parties, it ended just as suddenly as it had started. There must be some light shed on the situation.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Ostpolitik in the Soviet Empire: the Clash of Different Viewpoints specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The idea that underlay the politics of Germany was the fact that the economical state of the both countries left much to be desired, and they were tending to reach the European level without going into big expenditures. The core idea of the Ostpolitik was implemented in the motto â€Å"Change through Rapprochement Policy†. This meant that Germany and Soviet Un ion were trying to come into closer contact with each other and intertwine the policies, sharing the economical experience and trying to recover together. The man to introduce the very idea of the new policy was Willy Brandt, one of the most influential men in Germany of all times. He suggested the new concept in 1963 and went on with the experiment to bridge the two great countries. The basic idea was about connecting the two parts of Germany that were set apart, Willy Brandt saw it as the first reason for Germany to be pushed far behind in its development, and, trying to improve the state’s condition, he searched for every method possible for the country to get united again, which would create the profound basis for its further economical and political development. When the idea took certain shapes and the process of creating links with the Soviet Union was launched, Egon Bahr, the man who conducted the whole procedure and was in charge of the changes that took place during the negotiations, made it possible for the idea to be put into practice[1]. Signing the agreement with Moscow was an important step, and Willy Brandt knew it perfectly well; as a chancellor, he made every possible move be directed to connecting the two parts of the country.Advertising Looking for term paper on eastern europe? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Was it the collaboration with the Soviet Union that he had been searching for? The answer would be probably yes, but the first thing he was to do was to destroy the wall between the Eastern and the Western parts of Germany, both metaphorically and literally. There were a lot of people in Germany against collaboration with Russia, among them Konrad Adenauer. He expressed his doubts about the reasonability of the project and unwillingness to contribute to the new politics in the open, but the chancellor was determined to act in this very course. And finally the gen eral admitted that it was only the union of two great states that could improve the situation in Germany. Germany laid a lot of hopes on the future relationships with the Soviet Union. As Spaulding explained, Politicized trade played a central role in the new Ostpolitik of Chancellor Willy Brandt and the Social Democrats. Steadily improving trade relations played an important part in the â€Å"policy of small steps† that aimed ultimately at change through rapprochementâ€Å" with the East.[2] Europe took this alliance as something out of the ordinary. Their emotions were rather easy to understand. Indeed, creating a common workplace that would grow into trusted relationships and further on perhaps into the collaboration and partnership of the two most powerful states of those times was something to worry about. The European states, together with all their separation from each other and their policies never bespoken in the open, could not oppose the tremendously strong empire these two could turn into one day. That is why the fact of signing the treaty in the Soviet Union by Konrad Adenauer was taken with indignation by whole wide Europe. The states had the idea that the persistence of the communist moods in the Soviet Union might lead to its ideas spreading all over Europe and finally seizing the power.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on The Ostpolitik in the Soviet Empire: the Clash of Different Viewpoints specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As he returned from Moscow, whole Europe was talking about his ways of an owner which were more than noticeable as he was signing the agreement. The US ambassador in the Soviet Union, C. Bolen, compared him to Chamberlain signing the defeatist contract with Hitler and Mussolini. That was already reeking of an international scandal. The Soviet Union expected that this would contribute to its might, too. In fact, the Ostpolitik did. It made the Sovie t Union stronger in terms of its economical power. In addition, it also drove the political powers of the country to think of establishing the ideas of democracy in the country. Normalizing the relationships with Germany and acquiring the knowledge about the Western idea of a state, USSR took the new model of development with curiosity. That could mean a turn-up in the plot and a new page in the history of Russia and the Eastern Europe. However, this all ended just as unexpectedly as it had started. In spite of the worries of the neighboring countries, the states did not go further than they have planned. Both Brandt and Stalin did not go any further than it had been planned. They both understood perfectly well that the two states could not work together on the parities, and it was impossible to continue the further work. The great idea collapsed. The whole plot being a wonderful idea that was set brilliantly did not work as the two states of the same power collided. They knew that in case they would not agree upon some subject, there would be another was. At that time, neither could afford such costs, since they both were trying to heal the wounds caused by the previous conflict.Advertising Looking for term paper on eastern europe? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As Pittman emphasized, It may be that the Soviet reluctance to respond to West German appeals to increase the number ox exit permits was due to the general deterioration of dà ©tente and also to Soviet disappointment in material benefits (economic) expected from the FRG-Soviet relations[3]. However, it influenced the union of the two parts of Germany in 1990, this is the fact that cannot be denied. Indeed, the traces that people’s actions leave drag the most unexpected consequences. Reference List Ash, T. G. In Europe’s Name: Germany and the Divided Continent. New York, NY: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, 2010. Print. Pittman, A. From Ostpolitik to Unification: West German-Soviet Political  Relations Since 1974. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2002. Print. Spaulding, R. M. Osthandel and Ostpolitik: German Foreign Trade Policies in  Eastern Europe from Bismarck to Adenauer. Oxford: Berghahn Books. 1997. Print. Footnotes Ash, T. G. In Europe’s Name: Germany and the Divided Continent. (New York, NY: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, 2010). Spaulding, R. M. Osthandel and Ostpolitik: German Foreign Trade policies in Eastern Europe from Bismark to Adenauer. (Oxford: Berghahn Books 1997). 489 Pittman, A. From Ostpolitik to Unification: West German-Soviet Political  Relations Since 1974. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002). 30

The Influence of Supply and Demand on Inflation

The Influence of Supply and Demand on Inflation Inflation is an increase in the price of a basket of goods and services that is representative of the economy as a whole. In other words, inflation is an upward movement in the average level of prices, as defined in Economics by Parkin and Bade. Its opposite is deflation, a downward movement in the average level of prices. The boundary between inflation and deflation is price stability. The Link Between Inflation and Money An old adage holds that inflation is too many dollars chasing too few goods. Because inflation is a rise in the general level of prices, it is intrinsically linked to  money.   To understand how inflation works, imagine a world that only has two  commodities: oranges picked from orange trees and paper money printed by the government. In a drought year when oranges are scarce, one would expect to see the price of oranges rise, because quite a few dollars would be chasing very few oranges. Conversely, if there was a record orange crop, one would expect to see the price of oranges fall because orange sellers would need to reduce their prices in order to clear their inventory. These scenarios represent inflation and deflation, respectively. However, in the real world, inflation and deflation are changes in the average price of all goods and services, not just one. Altering the Money Supply Inflation and deflation can also result when the amount of  money in the system  changes. If the government decides to print a lot of money, then dollars will become plentiful relative to oranges, as in the earlier drought example.   Thus, inflation is caused by the number of dollars rising relative to the number of oranges (goods and services). Similarly, deflation is caused by the number of dollars falling relative to the number of ​oranges (goods and services). Therefore, inflation is caused by a combination of four factors: the supply of money goes up, the supply of other goods goes down, demand for money goes down and demand for other goods goes up. These four factors are thus linked to the basics of supply and demand. Different Types of Inflation Now that we have covered the basics of inflation, it is important to note that there are many types of inflation. These types of inflation are differentiated from each other by the cause that drives the price increase. To give you a taste, lets briefly go over ​cost-push inflation and demand-pull inflation.   Cost-push inflation is a result of a decrease in aggregate supply. Aggregate supply is the supply of goods, and a decrease in aggregate supply is mainly caused by an increase in wage rate or an increase in the price of raw materials. Essentially,  prices for consumers are pushed up  by increases in the cost of production. Demand-pull inflation occurs when there is an increase in aggregate demand. Simply put, consider how when demand increases, prices are pulled higher.

China and the World Trade Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

China and the World Trade Organization - Essay Example The main function of this body is to carry out and facilitate multilateral negotiations so as to improve the movement of goods and services in an open market and also to reduce trade barriers and such other bottlenecks, which actually bring unhealthy or poor competition in the market. It would be acting as a platform for its members to speak about their difficulties with their trading partners and in this way ultimately leading to the economic development of its members. Currently there are 145 members for WTO (The World Trade Organization and Agriculture, 2004). So the ultimate aim of WTO is to develop the economy of all its member countries whether it is developed, developing or least developed, to ensure employment for all through better production of goods and services and better standard of living for all (The basics of WTO. 2000). China joined WTO in the year 2001. A lot of commitments were made by China while joining WTO. According to that all the imports were to be exempted from trade tariffs. There is also domestic price liberalization and thus the price of the domestic as well as international price has almost become same. Apart from this tariff rate quotas replaced import quotas and licenses were abolished. In sectors such as telecommunications, insurance etc foreign participation was encouraged (WTO successfully concludes negotiations on China's entry, 2001). All these commitments increased transparency of China's trade regime and helped china to increase its trade volume. The volume of trade of China has increased from about $200 billion to more than $750 billion within four years after it's joining in WTO (The China Business review, 2006). There has been a change in the items of export as well. Before 2001 agricultural produce, leather, plastic items etc were the main exports, but after 2001, it is the electrical goods, machinery, power generation equipment etc. The imports also increased considerably in these 4 years and the main items include heavy equipments, machineries, vehicles and their parts etc. Export and import with United States increased to more than double during this period. China became the top supplier of consumer goods. The trade is increasing nearly 29% annually. Thus it could be seen that after joining WTO, China has made tremendous progress in its trade especially to United States and other developed countries. It has become the fourth largest economy in the world by the year 2006 (Yong, 2009). Thus the World Trade Organization which was formed as a result of increased globalization and liberalization, in order to facilitate trade across the countries has resulted in the development of economies not only of the developed countries such as US, UK, Germany etc, it has also helped the developed countries such as China to make tremendous progress in the trade and economy. Works Cited The basics of WTO [online] Available at: http://www.iisd.org/trade/handbook/3_2.htm 2000. (accessed on 12th June 2009) The China Business review [online] Available at: http://www.chinabusinessreview.com/public/0609/ChinaData.pdf 2006